BILL NUMBER: SB 359	CHAPTERED  07/13/99

	CHAPTER   111
	FILED WITH SECRETARY OF STATE   JULY 13, 1999
	APPROVED BY GOVERNOR   JULY 13, 1999
	PASSED THE SENATE   JULY 8, 1999
	PASSED THE ASSEMBLY   JUNE 30, 1999
	AMENDED IN ASSEMBLY   JUNE 15, 1999
	AMENDED IN SENATE   MARCH 22, 1999

INTRODUCED BY   Senator Knight
   (Coauthor:  Senator Johannessen)
   (Coauthors:  Assembly Members Cox, House, Leach, and Oller)

                        FEBRUARY 10, 1999

   An act to amend Sections 832.6 and 12020 of the Penal Code,
relating to peace officers, declaring the urgency thereof, to take
effect immediately.



	LEGISLATIVE COUNSEL'S DIGEST


   SB 359, Knight.  Peace officers:  exemptions:  reserve officers.
   (1) Under existing law, specified reserve officers have the powers
of a peace officer upon compliance with certain conditions that
include, among other things, completion of the basic training course
for deputy sheriffs and police officers prescribed by the Commission
on Peace Officer Standards and Training.
   This bill would require that a reserve officer who has previously
satisfied specified training requirements and has been serving as a
level I or II reserve officer in one law enforcement agency be deemed
to remain qualified as to Commission on Peace Officer Standards and
Training requirements even though that reserve officer accepts a new
appointment at the same level in another law enforcement agency.
   (2) Existing law provides exemptions regarding the possession of
short-barreled shotguns and short-barreled rifles to regular,
salaried, full-time members of a police department, regular,
salaried, full-time peace officer members of a police department, and
regular, salaried, full-time peace officers who are employed by any
of specified law enforcement agencies.  These exemptions apply when
the peace officer is on duty and the use of these weapons is
authorized by the agency and is within the course and scope of his or
her duties.
   This bill would delete the "regular, salaried, full-time"
designation from those provisions and apply the exemptions to any
peace officer member of a police department or law enforcement
agency, thereby including reserve officers within the exemptions.
The bill also would include among the conditions where these
exemptions apply the completion of a training course in the use of
specified weapons certified by the Commission on Peace Officer
Standards and Training.
   The bill would declare that it is to take effect immediately as an
urgency statute.


THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA DO ENACT AS FOLLOWS:


  SECTION 1.  Section 832.6 of the Penal Code is amended to read:
   832.6.  (a) Every person deputized or appointed, as described in
subdivision (a) of Section 830.6, shall have the powers of a peace
officer only when the person is any of the following:
   (1) A level I reserve officer deputized or appointed pursuant to
paragraph (1) or (2) of subdivision (a) or subdivision (b) of Section
830.6 and assigned to the prevention and detection of crime and the
general enforcement of the laws of this state, whether or not working
alone, and the person has completed the basic training course for
deputy sheriffs and police officers prescribed by the Commission on
Peace Officer Standards and Training.  For level I reserve officers
appointed prior to January 1, 1997, the basic training requirement
shall be the course that was prescribed at the time of their
appointment.  Reserve officers appointed pursuant to this paragraph
shall satisfy the continuing professional training requirement
prescribed by the commission.
   (2) A level II reserve officer assigned to the prevention and
detection of crime and the general enforcement of the laws of this
state while under the immediate supervision of a peace officer who
has completed the basic training course for deputy sheriffs and
police officers prescribed by the Commission on Peace Officer
Standards and Training, and the level II reserve officer has
completed the course required by Section 832 and any other training
prescribed by the commission.
   Level II reserve officers appointed pursuant to this paragraph may
be assigned, without immediate supervision, to  those limited duties
that are authorized for level III reserve officers pursuant to
paragraph (3).  Reserve officers appointed pursuant to this paragraph
shall satisfy the continuing professional training requirement
prescribed by the commission.
   (3) Level III reserve officers may be deployed and are authorized
only to carry out limited support duties not requiring general law
enforcement powers in their routine performance.  Those limited
duties shall include traffic control, security at parades and
sporting events, report taking, evidence transportation, parking
enforcement, and other duties that are not likely to result in
physical arrests.  Level III reserve officers while assigned these
duties shall be supervised in the accessible vicinity by a level I
reserve officer or a full-time, regular peace officer employed by a
law enforcement agency authorized to have reserve officers.  Level
III reserve officers may transport prisoners without immediate
supervision.  Those persons shall have completed the training
required under Section 832 and any other training prescribed by the
commission for those persons.
   (4) A person assigned to the prevention and detection of a
particular crime or crimes or to the detection or apprehension of a
particular individual or individuals while working under the
supervision of a California peace officer in a county adjacent to the
state border who possesses a basic certificate issued by the
Commission on Peace Officer Standards and Training, and the person is
a law enforcement officer who is regularly employed by a local or
state law enforcement agency in an adjoining state and has completed
the basic training required for peace officers in his or her state.
   (5) For purposes of this section, a reserve officer who has
previously satisfied any training requirement pursuant to this
section and has been serving as a level I or II reserve officer in
one law enforcement agency shall be deemed to remain qualified as to
Commission on Peace Officer Standards and Training requirements even
though that reserve officer accepts a new appointment at the same
level in another law enforcement agency.
   This training shall fully satisfy any other training requirements
required by law, including those specified in Section 832.
   In no case shall a peace officer of an adjoining state provide
services within a California jurisdiction during any period in which
the regular law enforcement agency of the jurisdiction is involved in
a labor dispute.
   (b) Notwithstanding subdivision (a), a person who is issued a
level I reserve officer certificate before January 1, 1981, shall
have the full powers and duties of a peace officer as provided by
Section 830.1 if so designated by local ordinance or, if the local
agency is not authorized to act by ordinance, by resolution, either
individually or by class, if the appointing authority determines the
person is qualified to perform general law enforcement duties by
reason of the person's training and experience.  Persons who were
qualified to be issued the level I reserve officer certificate before
January 1, 1981, and who state in writing under penalty of perjury
that they applied for but were not issued the certificate before
January 1, 1981, may be issued the certificate before July 1, 1984.
For purposes of this section, certificates so issued shall be deemed
to have the full force and effect of any level I reserve officer
certificate issued prior to January 1, 1981.
   (c) In carrying out this section, the commission:
   (1) May use proficiency testing to satisfy reserve training
standards.
   (2) Shall provide for convenient training to remote areas in the
state.
   (3) Shall establish a professional certificate for reserve
officers as defined in paragraph (1) of subdivision (a) and may
establish a professional certificate for reserve officers as defined
in paragraphs (2) and (3) of subdivision (a).
   (4) Shall facilitate the voluntary transition of reserve officers
to regular officers with no unnecessary redundancy between the
training required for level I and level II reserve officers.
   (5) Shall develop a supplemental course for existing level I
reserve officers desiring to satisfy the basic training course for
deputy sheriffs and police officers.
   (d) In carrying out paragraphs (1) and (3) of subdivision (c), the
commission may establish and levy appropriate fees, provided the
fees do not exceed the cost for administering the respective
services.  These fees shall be deposited in the Peace Officers'
Training Fund established by Section 13520.
   (e) The commission shall include an amount in its annual budget
request to carry out this section.
  SEC. 2.  Section 12020 of the Penal Code is amended to read:
   12020.  (a) Any person in this state who manufactures or causes to
be manufactured, imports into the state, keeps for sale, or offers
or exposes for sale, or who gives, lends, or possesses any cane gun
or wallet gun, any undetectable firearm, any firearm which is not
immediately recognizable as a firearm, any camouflaging firearm
container, any ammunition which contains or consists of any flechette
dart, any bullet containing or carrying an explosive agent, any
ballistic knife, any multiburst trigger activator, any nunchaku, any
short-barreled shotgun, any short-barreled rifle, any metal knuckles,
any belt buckle knife, any leaded cane, any zip gun, any shuriken,
any unconventional pistol, any lipstick case knife, any cane sword,
any shobi-zue, any air gauge knife, any writing pen knife, any metal
military practice handgrenade or metal replica handgrenade, or any
instrument or weapon of the kind commonly known as a blackjack,
slungshot, billy, sandclub, sap, or sandbag, or who carries concealed
upon his or her person any explosive substance, other than fixed
ammunition, or who carries concealed upon his or her person any dirk
or dagger is punishable by imprisonment in a county jail not
exceeding one year or in the state prison.  However, a first offense
involving any metal military practice handgrenade or metal replica
handgrenade shall be punishable only as an infraction unless the
offender is an active participant in a criminal street gang as
defined in the Street Terrorism and Enforcement and Prevention Act
(Chapter 11 (commencing with Section 186.20) of Title 7 of Part 1).
A bullet containing or carrying an explosive agent is not a
destructive device as that term is used in Section 12301.
   (b) Subdivision (a) does not apply to any of the following:
   (1) The sale to, purchase by, or possession of short-barreled
shotguns or short-barreled rifles by police departments, sheriffs'
offices, marshals' offices, the California Highway Patrol, the
Department of Justice, or the military or naval forces of this state
or of the United States for use in the discharge of their official
duties or the possession of short-barreled shotguns and
short-barreled rifles by peace officer members of a police
department, sheriff's office, marshal's office, the California
Highway Patrol, or the Department of Justice when on duty and the use
is authorized by the agency and is within the course and scope of
their duties and the peace officer has completed a training course in
the use of these weapons certified by the Commission on Peace
Officer Standards and Training.
   (2) The manufacture, possession, transportation or sale of
short-barreled shotguns or short-barreled rifles when authorized by
the Department of Justice pursuant to Article 6 (commencing with
Section 12095) of this chapter and not in violation of federal law.
   (3) The possession of a nunchaku on the premises of a school which
holds a regulatory or business license and teaches the arts of
self-defense.
   (4) The manufacture of a nunchaku for sale to, or the sale of a
nunchaku to, a school which holds a regulatory or business license
and teaches the arts of self-defense.
   (5) Any antique firearm.  For purposes of this section, "antique
firearm" means any firearm not designed or redesigned for using
rimfire or conventional center fire ignition with fixed ammunition
and manufactured in or before 1898 (including any matchlock,
flintlock, percussion cap, or similar type of ignition system or
replica thereof, whether actually manufactured before or after the
year 1898) and also any firearm using fixed ammunition manufactured
in or before 1898, for which ammunition is no longer manufactured in
the United States and is not readily available in the ordinary
channels of commercial trade.
   (6) Tracer ammunition manufactured for use in shotguns.
   (7) Any firearm or ammunition which is a curio or relic as defined
in Section 178.11 of Title 27 of the Code of Federal Regulations and
which is in the possession of a person permitted to possess the
items pursuant to Chapter 44 (commencing with Section 921) of Title
18 of the United States Code and the regulations issued pursuant
thereto.  Any person prohibited by Section 12021, 12021.1, or 12101
of this code or Section 8100 or 8103 of the Welfare and Institutions
Code from possessing firearms or ammunition who obtains title to
these items by bequest or intestate succession may retain title for
not more than one year, but actual possession of these items at any
time is punishable pursuant to Section 12021, 12021.1, or 12101 of
this code or Section 8100 or 8103 of the Welfare and Institutions
Code.  Within the year the person shall transfer title to the
firearms or ammunition by sale, gift, or other disposition.  Any
person who violates this paragraph is in violation of subdivision
(a).
   (8) Any other weapon as defined in subsection (e) of Section 5845
of Title 26 of the United States Code and which is in the possession
of a person permitted to possess the weapons pursuant to the federal
Gun Control Act of 1968 (Public Law 90-618), as amended, and the
regulations issued pursuant thereto.  Any person prohibited by
Section 12021, 12021.1, or 12101 of this code or Section 8100 or 8103
of the Welfare and Institutions Code from possessing these weapons
who obtains title to these weapons by bequest or intestate succession
may retain title for not more than one year, but actual possession
of these weapons at any time is punishable pursuant to Section 12021,
12021.1, or 12101 of this code or Section 8100 or 8103 of the
Welfare and Institutions Code.  Within the year, the person shall
transfer title to the weapons by sale, gift, or other disposition.
Any person who violates this paragraph is in violation of subdivision
(a).  The exemption provided in this subdivision does not apply to
pen guns.
   (9) Instruments or devices that are possessed by federal, state,
and local historical societies, museums, and institutional
collections which are open to the public, provided that these
instruments or devices are properly housed, secured from unauthorized
handling, and, if the instrument or device is a firearm, unloaded.
   (10) Instruments or devices, other than short-barreled shotguns or
short-barreled rifles, that are possessed or utilized during the
course of a motion picture, television, or video production or
entertainment event by an authorized participant therein in the
course of making that production or event or by an authorized
employee or agent of the entity producing that production or event.
   (11) Instruments or devices, other than short-barreled shotguns or
short-barreled rifles, that are sold by, manufactured by, exposed or
kept for sale by, possessed by, imported by, or lent by persons who
are in the business of selling instruments or devices listed in
subdivision (a) solely to the entities referred to in paragraphs (9)
and (10) when engaging in transactions with those entities.
   (12) The sale to, possession of, or purchase of any weapon,
device, or ammunition, other than a short-barreled rifle or
short-barreled shotgun, by any federal, state, county, city and
county, or city agency that is charged with the enforcement of any
law for use in the discharge of their official duties, or the
possession of any weapon, device, or ammunition, other than a
short-barreled rifle or short-barreled shotgun, by peace officers
thereof when on duty and the use is authorized by the agency and is
within the course and scope of their duties.
   (13) Weapons, devices, and ammunition, other than a short-barreled
rifle or short-barreled shotgun, that are sold by, manufactured by,
exposed or kept for sale by, possessed by, imported by, or lent by,
persons who are in the business of selling weapons, devices, and
ammunition listed in subdivision (a) solely to the entities referred
to in paragraph (12) when engaging in transactions with those
entities.
   (14) The manufacture for, sale to, exposing or keeping for sale
to, importation of, or lending of wooden clubs or batons to special
police officers or uniformed security guards authorized to carry any
wooden club or baton pursuant to Section 12002 by entities that are
in the business of selling wooden batons or clubs to special police
officers and uniformed security guards when engaging in transactions
with those persons.
   (15) Any plastic toy handgrenade, or any metal military practice
handgrenade or metal replica handgrenade that is a relic, curio,
memorabilia, or display item, that is filled with a permanent inert
substance or that is otherwise permanently altered in a manner that
prevents ready modification for use as a grenade.
   (16) Any instrument, ammunition, weapon, or device listed in
subdivision (a) that is not a firearm that is found and possessed by
a person who meets all of the following:
   (A) The person is not prohibited from possessing firearms or
ammunition pursuant to Section 12021 or 12021.1 or paragraph (1) of
subdivision (b) of Section 12316 of this code or Section 8100 or 8103
of the Welfare and Institutions Code.
   (B) The person possessed the instrument, ammunition, weapon, or
device no longer than was necessary to deliver or transport the same
to a law enforcement agency for that agency's disposition according
to law.
   (C) If the person is transporting the listed item, he or she is
transporting the listed item to a law enforcement agency for
disposition according to law.
   (17) Any firearm, other than a short-barreled rifle or
short-barreled shotgun, that is found and possessed by a person who
meets all of the following:
   (A) The person is not prohibited from possessing firearms or
ammunition pursuant to Section 12021 or 12021.1 or paragraph (1) of
subdivision (b) of Section 12316 of this code or Section 8100 or 8103
of the Welfare and Institutions Code.
   (B) The person possessed the firearm no longer than was necessary
to deliver or transport the same to a law enforcement agency for that
agency's disposition according to law.
   (C) If the person is transporting the firearm, he or she is
transporting the firearm to a law enforcement agency for disposition
according to law.
   (D) Prior to transporting the firearm to a law enforcement agency,
he or she has given prior notice to that law enforcement agency that
he or she is transporting the firearm to that law enforcement agency
for disposition according to law.
   (E) The firearm is transported in a locked container as defined in
subdivision (d) of Section 12026.2.
   (18) The possession of any weapon, device, or ammunition, by a
forensic laboratory or any authorized agent or employee thereof in
the course and scope of his or her authorized activities.
   (c) (1) As used in this section, a "short-barreled shotgun" means
any of the following:
   (A) A firearm which is designed or redesigned to fire a fixed
shotgun shell and having a barrel or barrels of less than 18 inches
in length.
   (B) A firearm which has an overall length of less than 26 inches
and which is designed or redesigned to fire a fixed shotgun shell.
   (C) Any weapon made from a shotgun (whether by alteration,
modification, or otherwise) if that weapon, as modified, has an
overall length of less than 26 inches or a barrel or barrels of less
than 18 inches in length.
   (D) Any device which may be readily restored to fire a fixed
shotgun shell which, when so restored, is a device defined in
subparagraphs (A) to (C), inclusive.
   (E) Any part, or combination of parts, designed and intended to
convert a device into a device defined in subparagraphs (A) to (C),
inclusive, or any combination of parts from which a device defined in
subparagraphs (A) to (C), inclusive, can be readily assembled if
those parts are in the possession or under the control of the same
person.
   (2) As used in this section, a "short-barreled rifle" means any of
the following:
   (A) A rifle having a barrel or barrels of less than 16 inches in
length.
   (B) A rifle with an overall length of less than 26 inches.
   (C) Any weapon made from a rifle (whether by alteration,
modification, or otherwise) if that weapon as modified has an overall
length of less than 26 inches or a barrel or barrels of less than 16
inches in length.
   (D) Any device which may be readily restored to fire a fixed
cartridge which, when so restored, is a device defined in
subparagraphs (A) to (C), inclusive.
   (E) Any part, or combination of parts, designed and intended to
convert a device into a device defined in subparagraphs (A) to (C),
inclusive, or any combination of parts from which a device defined in
subparagraphs (A) to (C), inclusive, may be readily assembled if
those parts are in the possession or under the control of the same
person.
   (3) As used in this section, a "nunchaku" means an instrument
consisting of two or more sticks, clubs, bars or rods to be used as
handles, connected by a rope, cord, wire, or chain, in the design of
a weapon used in connection with the practice of a system of
self-defense such as karate.
   (4) As used in this section, a "wallet gun" means any firearm
mounted or enclosed in a case, resembling a wallet, designed to be or
capable of being carried in a pocket or purse, if the firearm may be
fired while mounted or enclosed in the case.
   (5) As used in this section, a "cane gun" means any firearm
mounted or enclosed in a stick, staff, rod, crutch, or similar
device, designed to be, or capable of being used as, an aid in
walking, if the firearm may be fired while mounted or enclosed
therein.
   (6) As used in this section, a "flechette dart" means a dart,
capable of being fired from a firearm, which measures approximately
one inch in length, with tail fins which take up five-sixteenths of
an inch of the body.
   (7) As used in this section, "metal knuckles" means any device or
instrument made wholly or partially of metal which is worn for
purposes of offense or defense in or on the hand and which either
protects the wearer's hand while striking a blow or increases the
force of impact from the blow or injury to the individual receiving
the blow.  The metal contained in the device may help support the
hand or fist, provide a shield to protect it, or consist of
projections or studs which would contact the individual receiving a
blow.
   (8) As used in this section, a "ballistic knife" means a device
that propels a knifelike blade as a projectile by means of a coil
spring, elastic material, or compressed gas.  Ballistic knife does
not include any device which propels an arrow or a bolt by means of
any common bow, compound bow, crossbow, or underwater spear gun.
   (9) As used in this section, a "camouflaging firearm container"
means a container which meets all of the following criteria:
   (A) It is designed and intended to enclose a firearm.
   (B) It is designed and intended to allow the firing of the
enclosed firearm by external controls while the firearm is in the
container.
   (C) It is not readily recognizable as containing a firearm.
   "Camouflaging firearm container" does not include any camouflaging
covering used while engaged in lawful hunting or while going to or
returning from a lawful hunting expedition.
   (10) As used in this section, a "zip gun" means any weapon or
device which meets all of the following criteria:
   (A) It was not imported as a firearm by an importer licensed
pursuant to Chapter 44 (commencing with Section 921) of Title 18 of
the United States Code and the regulations issued pursuant thereto.
   (B) It was not originally designed to be a firearm by a
manufacturer licensed pursuant to Chapter 44 (commencing with Section
921) of Title 18 of the United States Code and the regulations
issued pursuant thereto.
   (C) No tax was paid on the weapon or device nor was an exemption
from paying tax on that weapon or device granted under Section 4181
and subchapters F (commencing with Section 4216) and G (commencing
with Section 4221) of Chapter 32 of Title 26 of the United States
Code, as amended, and the regulations issued pursuant thereto.
   (D) It is made or altered to expel a projectile by the force of an
explosion or other form of combustion.
   (11) As used in this section, a "shuriken" means any instrument,
without handles, consisting of a metal plate having three or more
radiating points with one or more sharp edges and designed in the
shape of a polygon, trefoil, cross, star, diamond, or other geometric
shape for use as a weapon for throwing.
   (12) As used in this section, an "unconventional pistol" means a
firearm that does not have a rifled bore and has a barrel or barrels
of less than 18 inches in length or has an overall length of less
than 26 inches.
   (13) As used in this section, a "belt buckle knife" is a knife
which is made an integral part of a belt buckle and consists of a
blade with a length of at least 21/2 inches.
   (14) As used in this section, a "lipstick case knife" means a
knife enclosed within and made an integral part of a lipstick case.
   (15) As used in this section, a "cane sword" means a cane, swagger
stick, stick, staff, rod, pole, umbrella, or similar device, having
concealed within it a blade that may be used as a sword or stiletto.

   (16) As used in this section, a "shobi-zue" means a staff, crutch,
stick, rod, or pole concealing a knife or blade within it which may
be exposed by a flip of the wrist or by a mechanical action.
   (17) As used in this section, a "leaded cane" means a staff,
crutch, stick, rod, pole, or similar device, unnaturally weighted
with lead.
   (18) As used in this section, an "air gauge knife" means a device
that appears to be an air gauge but has concealed within it a
pointed, metallic shaft that is designed to be a stabbing instrument
which is exposed by mechanical action or gravity which locks into
place when extended.
   (19) As used in this section, a "writing pen knife" means a device
that appears to be a writing pen but has concealed within it a
pointed, metallic shaft that is designed to be a stabbing instrument
which is exposed by mechanical action or gravity which locks into
place when extended or the pointed, metallic shaft is exposed by the
removal of the cap or cover on the device.
   (20) As used in this section, a "rifle" means a weapon designed or
redesigned, made or remade, and intended to be fired from the
shoulder and designed or redesigned and made or remade to use the
energy of the explosive in a fixed cartridge to fire only a single
projectile through a rifled bore for each single pull of the trigger.

   (21) As used in this section, a "shotgun" means a weapon designed
or redesigned, made or remade, and intended to be fired from the
shoulder and designed or redesigned and made or remade to use the
energy of the explosive in a fixed shotgun shell to fire through a
smooth bore either a number of projectiles (ball shot) or a single
projectile for each pull of the trigger.
   (22) As used in this section, an "undetectable firearm" means any
weapon which meets one of the following requirements:
   (A) When, after removal of grips, stocks, and magazines, it is not
as detectable as the Security Exemplar, by walk-through metal
detectors calibrated and operated to detect the Security Exemplar.
   (B) When any major component of which, when subjected to
inspection by the types of X-ray machines commonly used at airports,
does not generate an image that accurately depicts the shape of the
component.  Barium sulfate or other compounds may be used in the
fabrication of the component.
   (C) For purposes of this paragraph, the terms "firearm," "major
component," and "Security Exemplar" have the same meanings as those
terms are defined in Section 922 of Title 18 of the United States
Code.
   All firearm detection equipment newly installed in nonfederal
public buildings in this state shall be of a type identified by
either the United States Attorney General, the Secretary of
Transportation, or the Secretary of the Treasury, as appropriate, as
available state-of-the-art equipment capable of detecting an
undetectable firearm, as defined, while distinguishing innocuous
metal objects likely to be carried on one's person sufficient for
reasonable passage of the public.

   (23) As used in this section, a "multiburst trigger activator"
means one of the following devices:
   (A)  A device designed or redesigned to be attached to a
semiautomatic firearm which allows the firearm to discharge two or
more shots in a burst by activating the device.
   (B) A manual or power-driven trigger activating device constructed
and designed so that when attached to a semiautomatic firearm it
increases the rate of fire of that firearm.
   (24) As used in this section, a "dirk" or "dagger" means a knife
or other instrument with or without a handguard that is capable of
ready use as a stabbing weapon that may inflict great bodily injury
or death.  A nonlocking folding knife, a folding knife that is not
prohibited by Section 653k, or a pocketknife is capable of ready use
as a stabbing weapon that may inflict great bodily injury or death
only if the blade of the knife is exposed and locked into position.
   (d) Knives carried in sheaths which are worn openly suspended from
the waist of the wearer are not concealed within the meaning of this
section.
  SEC. 3.  This act is an urgency statute necessary for the immediate
preservation of the public peace, health, or safety within the
meaning of Article IV of the Constitution and shall go into immediate
effect.  The facts constituting the necessity are:
   In order for exemptions regarding the use and possession of
firearms by reserve peace officers to become effective as soon as
possible, it is necessary for this act to take effect immediately.
